Colombia: Violencia 1948-1980

(see also Colombia, Colombia: Drug Wars 1980-2000 & Colombia since 2000)

Basics

CIA World Factbook. Includes map.

New Internationalist Profile.

UN Development Program, Human Development Indicators.

World Guide.

On the Web: Articles

On the Web: Specialized Sites

Ibermundo Colombia.

In the Library: Articles

Danley, M.H. "Colombian Navy in the Korean War, 1950-1953," American Neptune 58,3 (sum 98):243-61.

Didion, Joan. "In Bogotá," in her The White Album (NY: Pocket, 1979), pp. 186-96.

Gallón Giraldo, Gustavo. "La República de las Armas: relación entre fuerzas armadas y estado en Colombia:1960-1980," in Controversia (Bogotá: CINEP, 1983).

Gómez, Alberto. "Perspectives of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC)," in D. Hodges (ed.) National Liberation Fronts 1960-1970 (NY, 1972), pp. 248-59.

Green, John W. "’Vibrations of the collective’: the popular ideology of Gaitanismo on Colombia’s Atlantic Coast, 1944-1948," Hispanic American Historical Review 76,2 (1996):283-311.

León, Carlos A. "Unusual patterns of crime during La Violencia in Colombia," American Journal of Psychiatry (5/69):1564-75.

Levine, Daniel H. & Alexander W. Wilde. "The Catholic Church, ‘politics," & violence: the Colombian case," Review of Politics 39,2 (4/77):220-49.

Molano, Alfredo. "The evolution of the FARC," NACLA Report 34,2 (9/00).

Rempe, Dennis. "Guerrillas, bandits & independent republics: US counterinsurgency efforts in Colombia, 1959-1965," Small Wars & Insurgencies 5? (1995).

Sánchez, Gonzalo & Donny Meertens. "Political banditry & the Colombian Violencia," in R. Slatta (ed.) Bandidos (Westport CT, 1987).

von der Walde, Erna. "Violence in Colombia: a timeline," NACLA Report 35,1 (6-7/01):24-25.

Zamosc, Leon. "Peasant Struggles of the 1970’s in Colombia," in S. Eckstein (ed.) Power and Popular Protest: Latin American Social Movements (Berkeley, 1989).

In the Library: Non-Fiction Books

Alape, Arturo. Las muertes de Tirofijo (Bogotá, 1976).

__________. La paz, la violencia: testigos de excepción. Hechos y testimonios sobre 40 años de violencia y paz que vuelven a ser hoy de palpitante actualidad (Bogotá, 1986).

__________. El Bogotazo: memorias del olvido (Bogotá, 1987).

__________. Las vidas de Pedro Antonio Marín Manuel Marulanda Vélez Tirofijo (Bogotá: Planeta, 1989).

Alvarez García, John (ed.) Camilo Torres: His Life & Message (Springfield IL: Templegate, 1968).

Arango, Carlos Z. FARC: veinte años de Marquetalia a La Uribe (Bogotá: Aurora, 1984).

Arenas, Jacobo. Diario de la resistencia de Marquetalia (Bogotá, 1972).

__________. Cese de fuego: una historia política de las FARC (Bogotá, 1986?).

Arenas, Jaime. La guerrilla por dentro (Bogotá, 1971).

Bergquist, Charles W.; Ricardo Peñaranda & Gonzalo G. Sánchez (eds.) Violence in Colombia: The Contemporary Crisis in Historical Perspective (Wilmington DE, 1992).

Betancurt, Darío y Marta L. García. Matones y cuadrilleros: orígen y evolución de la Violencia en el occidente colombiano, 1946-1965 (Bogotá: Tercer Mundo, 1990).

__________ y Martha L. García. Contrabandistas, marimberos y mafiosos: historia social de la Mafia colombiana (1965-1992) (Bogotá, 1994).

Bojorge, Horacio et al. Retrato de Camilo Torres (México, 1969).

Braun, Herbert. The Assassination of Gaitán. Public Life & Urban Violence in Colombia (Madison: U. of Wisconsin, 1986).

Broderick, Walter J. Camilo Torres: A Biography of the Priest-Guerrillero (NY, 1975).

Buitrago Salazar, Evelio. Zarpazo the Bandit. Memoirs of an Undercover Agent of the Colombian Army (University AL, 1978).

Gott, Richard. Guerrilla Movements in Latin America (NY: Anchor, 1972), chap. 3. Colombian guerrilla movements of 1960s.

Green, W. John. Gaitanismo, Left Liberalism & Popular Mobilization in Colombia (Gainesville: U. of Florida, 2003).

Guerrero Barón, Javier. Los años del olvido: Boyacá y los orígenes de la violencia (Bogotá: Tercer Mundo, 1991).

Guzmán Campos, Germán; Orlando Fals Borda & Eduardo Umaña Luna. La violencia en Colombia. Estudio de un proceso social (2 vols.; Bogotá, 1963-64.).

Guzmán Campos, Gustavo. El padre Camilo Torres (México, 1968).

Henderson, J. D. When Colombia Bled: A History of the Violencia in Tolima (University AL, 1985).

saza, Eduardo. Las guerrillas del llano: testimonio de una lucha de cuatro años por la libertad (Bogotá, 1959).

López Vigil, María. Camilo camina en Colombia (México, 1989).

Maldonado Denis, Manuel. La violencia en la obra de Gabriel García Márquez (Bogotá: Suramérica, 1977).

Maullin, Richard L. The Fall of Dumar Adjure: A Colombian Guerrilla & Bandit (Santa Monica, 1969)

__________. The Colombian Army & the Guerrillas (Santa Monica, 1970).

Molano, Alfredo. Los años del tropel. Relatos de la violencia (Bogotá, 1985).

__________. Trochas y fusiles (Bogotá: IEPRI/Ancora, 1994). Life with the FARC.

Oquist, Paul. Violence, Conflict & Politics in Colombia (London, 1981).

Osterling, Jorge Pablo. Democracy in Colombia: Clientilistic Politics & Guerrilla Warfare (New Brunswick NJ, 1989).

Palacios, Marco. Entre la legitimidad y la violencia: Colombia, 1875-1994 (Bogotá, 1995).

Pizarro Leongómez, Eduardo. Las FARC: de la autodefensa a la combinación de todas las formas de lucha (Bogotá: Tercer Mundo/IEPRI, 1991).

Rivas Moreno, Gerardo y Javier Villegas Arango. La paz es un poema. Colombia: violencia, 1958-1984 (Bogotá: Fundación para la Investigación y la Cultura, 1984).

Sánchez, Gonzalo y Ricardo Peñaranda. Pasado y presente de la Violencia en Colombia (Bogotá, 1986?).

Sánchez, Gonzalo & Donny Meertens. Bandits, Peasants & Politics. The Case of "La Violencia" in Colombia [1984] (Austin: U. of Texas, 2001).

Sharpless, Richard E. Gaitán of Colombia: A Political Biography (Pittsburgh: U. of Pittsburgh, 1978).

Stevenson, José et al. Crónica imaginaria de la violencia en Colombia (Bogotá, 1977).

Torres, Camilo. Revolutionary Writings (NY, 1972).

Uribe, María Victoria. Matar, rematar, contramatar: las masacres de La Violencia en el Tolima, 1948-1964 (Bogotá: CINEP, 1996).

Valencia Tovar, Alvaro y Jairo Sandoval Franky. Colombia en la Guerra de Corea: la historia secreta (Bogotá: Planeta, 2001).

Villegas Arango, Jorge y otros. Libro negro de la represión: Frente Nacional, 1958-1974 (Bogotá: Comité de Solidaridad con los Presos Políticos, 1974). Chronology.

Walton, John. Reluctant Rebels. Comparative Studies of Revolution & Underdevelopment (NY, 1984).

Zamosc, León. The Agrarian Question and Peasant Movement in Colombia: Struggles of the National Peasant Association (?, 1986).

In the Library: Fiction

Caballero Calderón, Enrique. El cristo de espaldas (Medellín, 1964).

Montaña, Antonio. Los días del miedo (México, 2000). Novel of massacre perpetrated by President Rojas Pinilla (1953-57) to avenge insults to his daughter.

In the Library: For Young Readers

In the Library: Poetry

In the Library: Drama

In the Library: Photography

CD & Audio

Film & Video

"April 9, 1948 (9 de abril 1948)" [2001], dir. María Valencia Gaitán, 59m. From Latin American Video Archives. Historic importance of the assassination of Jorge Eliécer Gaitán.

"The Brickmakers (Chircales)" (1972), dir. Marta Rodríguez & Jorge Silva . Classic documentary on harsh lives of shantytown dwellers on outskirts of major cities. From Cinema Guild & Latin American Video Archives.

"Camilo Torres, The Guerrilla Priest (1975)," 54 m. Biography of Colombian priest/sociologist who
joined ELN & was killed by government forces in 1966. From Cinema Guild

"Confessing to Laura (Confesión a Laura)" [1990] dir. Jaime Osorio. Three peopla are trapped in a house surrounded by rioters during the Bogotazo of April 9, 1948. From Latin American Video Archives.

"Details of a Duel (A Matter of Honor)" (1988), dir. Sergio Cabrera, 97 m. Church, State & small-town political conflict in 1956. From Latin American Video Archives.

"Gaitán, Yes! (Gaitán ¡Si!)" [1998], dir. María Valencia Gaitán, 52m. From Latin American Video Archives. Story of Gaitán & his movement, truncated by the assassination of April 9, 1948/

"Laura dejó el fierro" [1991], dir. Felipe Paz, ?m.

"A Man of Principle (Cóndores no entierran todos los días)" [1984], dir. Francisco Nordem, 90 m. Modest bookstore clerk, fervent Catholic, becomes assassin & then local political boss in late 1940s. From Latin American Video Archives.